Buying a new AC in 2026? You will see refrigerant names such as R-454B and R-32. The shift to lower-global-warming-potential refrigerants began in 2025. EPA’s homeowner guidance explains how the rules affect new systems and repairs to the one you already own.

What Has Changed?

New residential split systems are moving away from R-410A. Manufacturers choose the refrigerant for each model. For example, Carrier uses R-454B, called Puron Advance. Each system needs parts and service tools made for its refrigerant. R-454B and R-32 are not drop-in replacements for R-410A.

How Does This Affect You and Your Current System?

You can keep using your current R-410A system. EPA does not require you to replace it because of this change, and existing equipment can still be repaired. If a repair is costly, compare it with the price of a new system. Age, condition and repair history matter more than the refrigerant name alone.

Planning Your Next Step

  • Maintenance and Service: Continue to maintain your current HVAC system to ensure it operates efficiently until you’re ready to upgrade.
  • Upgrade Planning: Consider planning for an upgrade when your system reaches the end of its life cycle. Budgeting for a new system that uses the latest refrigerants can be a smart long-term investment.
  • Energy Efficiency: Compare the SEER2 rating of the full system. A different refrigerant alone does not guarantee lower bills.
  • Recycling Old Systems: Have the installer recover the old refrigerant and handle the equipment safely.

Why the Refrigerant Changed

R-454B and R-32 have a lower global warming potential than R-410A. That reduces their climate impact if refrigerant escapes. Your installer still needs to prevent leaks, use the correct equipment and follow the manufacturer’s instructions. Both newer refrigerants are classed as mildly flammable, which changes some installation and service practices.

What Homeowners Should Know

  • Environmental Impact: Lower-GWP refrigerants reduce the climate impact of a leak. Good installation and leak repair still matter.
  • Regulatory Compliance: Your installer should select a matched system that meets the current rules and the manufacturer’s instructions.
  • Long-Term Savings: Compare efficiency ratings and installed prices. Savings also depend on your home, ductwork and cooling use.

Keep a working system maintained, and plan ahead if repairs are adding up. MSP can help with AC repair or compare replacement systems for your home. We explain the equipment and price before you choose.

For more on heating and cooling costs, see our guides to choosing a furnace and furnace replacement costs. If you need help at home, MSP offers furnace installation across the Twin Cities.